Page turners? Yes please.
I must confess to being more than a little baffled by the aversion of the e-learning community to the concept of a page turner. What is regarded as a derogatory term in this context is a form of flattery in the field of popular fiction. So what is it about page turning that's so nasty? After all, the page is a useful metaphor for the screens that comprise so many online learning materials, and the idea of progressing through these in sequence makes a lot of sense when there's a logical flow to the learning strategy and when exploration isn't a critical element, as it would be with a branching scenario, simulation, game or hypertext environment.
So if it isn't the page turning that's a problem, maybe it's the danger that designers will take the book metaphor too far and fill these pages with nothing but reading material. Fair enough, but I'd argue that even this is a reasonable strategy, as long as the material on the pages is really interesting. Take Designing Presentations by Mike de Palma, just one of a host of online publications at issuu.com. No way is this boring, no way is this a limited learning offering.
What about the lack of interactivity? Now I'd be the first to admit that an interactive program will work best when you have novice learners, when the subject matter necessitates careful exposition and exploration, and when you need to be able to assess that learning is taking place. That leaves a lot of space. More independent learners may be quite capable of managing on their own, using their own resources to reflect, rehearse and practice with the material. They may even find your attempts at structured interaction patronising.
In other cases, the interactivity comes from the elements of the experience that accompany the learning materials, as part of a formal or informal blend. For example, non-interactive materials such as videos may be used as part of a workshop and backed up with discussion and other activities. The online use of non-interactive materials may be accompanied by reflective work in forums, wikis or blogs.
One of the most exciting aspects of the whole move to rapid content development is the realisation that online materials can take many forms, interactive and not. The interactive tutorial is a useful format, but so is the use of video, animation, podcasts, narrated slide shows and, yes, page turners. Why not?
Labels: instructional design, rapid e-learning






9 Comments:
It was one of my first moments of dissonance when I entered the e-learning industry, to hear a program being referred to derogatorily as a "page turner." And yes, I agree - page turners have their uses as well. Except that they don't quite use the opportunities offered by the medium to the hilt. Not unlike a television program that only uses audio.
I would agree with you that content on pages, especially for advanced learners, is not a problem if you keep the content interesting. But mostly, you need to know your audience. When I worked at a consulting company, we worked on a project for pricing and risk analysts in the insurance industry. These courses had quite a bit of information, actuarial tables, formulas, etc. (Egads!) To the IDs and the project manager/editor (me) it was pretty dry stuff. We also went against conventional wisdom and made the scenario-based questions and formula calculation questions pretty hard and complex. The learners loved it - they really got into all this geeky stuff because it was what they did all day and they liked their jobs.
On the other end of spectrum, at another company, tens of thousands of employees were required to take an emergency and natural disaster e-learning course. The first module was over 40 pages and it contained several pages describing each type of natural disaster and also went into great detail about each of the employees in the safety departments job duties (seriously page after page of bullet points that described each of their jobs). Ten a$$-numbing modules of this stuff - and to add insult to injury - they had put timers on each page so you had to wait for the NEXT button to show up. You had to pass a quiz at the end of each module. And it wasn't like people in our building weren't interested in what to do in case of an emergency. After several days of non-stop rain we had had a flood around our building that came up the steps almost to the doors - we couldn't leave the building to go home for a couple of hours and several people's cars were totaled because the were filled up with flood waters. After the course it still wasn't clear how things should have been handled in that situation. Courses like that are what give "page-turners" a bad name.
That's similar to the point I made in a post a while back where I talked about ways to make linear courses engaging, drawing a distinction between passive and active courses.
I think the real problem isn't that the course is a "page turner" I think it's that many elearning courses are not very good and they are compulsory so the learner has no motivation to go through the course.
The web is largely a page-based medium and chunking stuff down to read (watch) on the screen makes sense. However, it doesn't make sense when people just publish long tracts of text on the screen e.g. OpenLearn from the OU, as the page latency makes it slow to read.
Page turning isn't so much the charge that it's paged, only that it's dull. The lack of spirited writing, humour, stories, anecdotes and so on, mean that dull, document-based training gets turned into e-learning. The problem is not page turning per se but page writing. And it's not only the writing. Adding pretty graphics (the norm in rapid e-learning) to match the text is also a problem. This is the old Lord Privy Seal problem, where designers put up a picture of a Lord, WC and seal to match the text.
I am one that has an aversion to the concept of a “page turner.” Why not just present a digital book to the learner? My aversion is driven by my own definition of learning. I think it probably depends on what theory you use to describe learning. Does one learn from reading a book? Reading a web page? What separates the two (if at all) from “e-learning?” Is gaining knowledge learning? Is it interactive? I could make an argument that the act of turning a page is an interaction. Are video, animations, podcasts, narrated slide shows and “page-turners” non-interactive? Perhaps. Perhaps not. When a learner connects related messages within these channels of delivery maybe that’s interaction. In my experience, the page turners I was exposed to were books that had to read and tracked in some way – through the LMS, completion of a form, etc. Had I just read this blog entry and clicked next in my reading list, I don’t know I would’ve learned. Perhaps I would have added to my body of knowledge on e-learning. But by my definition of learning, I learned about my own understanding of page turners through the interaction of posting a comment.
But it is funny that a page turner in book form is a riveting read that you don't want to put down. Often though, it's those page turners that I remember little of two weeks later. I was so busy enjoying myself and turning the pages so quickly to find out the next plot twist that I neglected to remember a thing about the experience!
Page 1 of 10? OK, probably. If you tell me something interesting.
Page 1 of 40? Get lost.
Interactivity and questioning is a kind of hand-holding, which I like if I'm new to the subject, find it difficult, like the 'voice' that's speaking to me, or want to be sure I've got it at the end. I don't like it if I'm skimming, scanning, searching or otherwise self-motivated. I wonder if the use of interactivity should be inverse to the confidence of the learner? If so, it seems to suggest giving them a choice of interactive or not. (Not what a paying customer wants to hear, I guess.)
Why do we read popular non-fiction stories? Great writers.
Why do we have dull page-turning eLearning? Ask yourself ... Are our eLearning developers great writers? How can we balance the challenges of subject matter specialists who focus on volume of information? How can we overcome the cost/time pressure we've bought on ourselves by using Rapid Development Tools?
Unless you have the conditions to enable you to create effective learning designs; isn't it better to put 100% of effort into making the content as engaging as possible in a linear pdf, rather than waste effort putting it into an eLearning tool?
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